Executive clemency grants (January 2017 - January 2021)
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Total Recipients
0
Full Pardons
0
Commutations
$0
Restitution Waived
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Date
Name
Type
Category
Offense
Original Sentence
Restitution
Political Party
Notes
January 6th Defendants Demographics & Characteristics
About This Analysis
Database Scope
• Total Database: All Trump second-term pardons & commutations (1,500+ recipients)
• This Analysis: January 6th defendants only (~1,500 people)
• Source: Seton Hall University Center for Policy & Research
Dataset Parameters
• Study Period: First year after January 6, 2021
• Sample Size: 716 defendants (first wave prosecutions)
• Conviction Rate: 99.4% (529 of 532 completed cases)
Important Notes
• Demographics below reflect prosecuted defendants, not all attendees
• Data sourced from FBI statements, court filings, and legal documents
• All January 6th cases were pardoned by Trump on January 20, 2025
Group Affiliations (716 defendants)
Went Alone
35% (251)
251 of 716 defendants traveled to Capitol alone
With Family
20%
With Friends
45%
Extremist groups: Proud Boys, Oath Keepers, Three Percenters
Employment Status (430 verified)
Business Owners
24.7% (106)
Blue Collar
17.2% (74)
White Collar
8.8% (38)
Unemployed
8.1% (35)
Note: Employment data missing for 39.9% (286) of defendants
Financial Hardships (140 of 716)
Bankruptcies
9.8% (70)
Judgments/Liens
16.3% (117)
Foreclosures
15.5% (111)
Any Hardship
19.6% (140)
42% of financially distressed defendants engaged in violence
Demographics (716 total)
Gender Distribution
Men
81.3% (625)
Women
12.7% (91)
Race/Ethnicity
White
92% (659)
Other
8% (57)
Other: Hispanic (39), Black (10), Asian (7), Native American (1)
Geographic Distribution
Florida
11.5% (82)
Pennsylvania
8.9% (64)
Texas
8.8% (63)
New York
7.4% (53)
California
7.3% (52)
47 states represented (missing: North Dakota, Nebraska, Vermont)
Criminal History & Violence
Prior Criminal Records
22.2% (159 of 716) had criminal history before January 6th
Armed Defendants
25% came armed to the Capitol on January 6th
Law Enforcement/Military Background
18.5% had law enforcement (28) or military (105) background
Identification Method
72% (517 of 716) identified through tipsters and informants
Conviction Success Rate
DOJ achieved 99.4% conviction rate (529 of 532 completed cases). Only 1 acquittal, 2 voluntary dismissals. More defendants died (5) or fled (4) than won in court (3).
Tipster Network
72% identified through tips including 40 co-workers, 39 family members, 31 friends, 30 classmates, and 17 other insurrectionists who turned each other in.
Educational Attainment
Of 224 with verified education: 82 college degrees, 52 some college, 68 high school diplomas, 20 post-graduate education - consistent with US population.
Conspiracy Charges
100% conviction rate for conspiracy charges. Oath Keepers focused on seditious conspiracy, Proud Boys on conspiracy to obstruct election certification.
Violence Correlation
42% of financially distressed defendants engaged in violence vs. overall violence rate. Financial hardship was a significant predictor of violent behavior.
Nationwide Reach
Defendants from 47 states (only North Dakota, Nebraska, Vermont unrepresented). Top 5 states accounted for 44% of cases, showing broad geographic distribution.
Source: "The January 6 Insurrectionists: Who They Are and What They Did"
Seton Hall University Center for Policy & Research, July 26, 2023
Analysis by Professor Mark Denbeaux and research team